#Manual abilities classification system manual

These classifications (groups) differ in the characteristic(s) used and their individual uses or purposes. Therefore, different groupings (classifications) are possible. This implies that children with CP differ clinically in many aspects. The clinical manifestations of CP are heterogeneous as rightly pointed out in the most current definition of CP. The categorization of children with cerebral palsy (CP) into clinical groups remains a challenge, hence the presence of so many classifications that are not comprehensive and the continued search for a holistic classification. It is expected that at the end of this chapter, the reader should be able to understand the difficulties in classifying CP, enumerate and discuss the various classifications of CP, understand the merits and shortcomings of each classification scheme, clinically evaluate and classify a child with CP multiaxially and understand how functional scales predict current and future needs of children with CP. The objectives of this chapter are to review the various classifications of CP, to highlight the clinical features used in the various classifications, to outline the recent functional classifications of CP and to highlight how these recent classifications guide current management. It is widely accepted that the functional classification is the best classification for the patient because it guides management. The recent WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) emphasizes the importance of focusing on the functional consequences of various states of health and has stimulated the development of newer functional scales in CP. Therefore, a multiaxial classification gives a more comprehensive description of a child with CP. Each classification used alone is incomplete. European Journal of Pediatrics Springer Journals The classification of cerebral palsy (CP) remains a challenge hence the presence of so many classifications and a lack of consensus. The adaptation of both of these scales and WeeFIM and using these scales together give the opportunity for a detailed analysis of the functional level of children with spastic CP and reflect the differences between clinical types of CP. The use of both the GMFCS and MACS in practice and in research areas will provide an easy, practical, and simple classification of the functional status of children with CP.

A good correlation between the GMFCS and MACS was found in all children (rвЂ‰=вЂ‰0.735, pвЂ‰вЂ‰0.05). The functional status and performance were assessed by using the Functional Independence Measure of Children (WeeFIM). The children were classified according to the GMFCS for their motor function and according to the MACS for the functioning of their hands when handling objects in daily activities. One hundred and eighty-five children with spastic CP (101 males, 84 females), 65 (35.1%) diparetic, 60 (32.4%) quadriparetic, and 60 (32.4%) hemiparetic children, ranging from 4 to 15 years of age with a median age of 7В years, were included in the study.

#Manual abilities classification system manual

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among functional classification systems, the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and the functional status (WeeFIM) in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Gunel, Mintaze Mutlu, Akmer Tarsuslu, Tulay Livanelioglu, Ayse Relationship among the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and the functional status (WeeFIM) in children with spastic cerebral palsy Relationship among the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), the Gross Motor Function.